Adaptive parameter estimation for satellite image deconvolution
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چکیده
The deconvolution of blurred and noisy satellite images is an ill-posed inverse problem, which can be regularized within a Bayesian context by using an a priori model of the reconstructed solution. Homogeneous regularization models do not provide sufficiently satisfactory results, since real satellite data show spatially variant characteristics. We propose here to use an inhomogeneous model, and we study different methods to estimate its space-variant parameters. The chosen estimator is the Maximum Likelihood (ML). We show that this estimator, when computed on the corrupted image, is not suitable for image deconvolution, because it is not robust to noise. Then we show that the estimation is correct only if it is made from the original image. Since this image is unknown, we need to compute an approximation of sufficiently good quality to provide useful estimation results. Finally we detail an hybrid method used to estimate the space-variant parameters from an image deconvolved by a wavelet-based algorithm, in order to reconstruct the image. The obtained results simultaneously exhibit sharp edges, correctly restored textures and a high SNR in homogeneous areas, since the proposed technique adapts to the local characteristics of the data. A comparison with linear and non-linear concurrent algorithms is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. Key-words: Deconvolution, Regularization, Hyperparameters, Inhomogeneous models, Complex Wavelet Packets, Markov Random Fields, Local estimation, Maximum Likelihood, Satellite images Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the CNES (French Space Agency) for providing the image of Nîmes (SPOT 5 simulation), and Simon Wilson, from Trinity College Dublin (Ireland), for his kind remarks. Estimation des paramètres adaptatifs pour la déconvolution d’images satellitaires Résumé : La déconvolution des images satellitaires floues et bruitées est un problème inverse mal posé, qui peut être régularisé dans un cadre bayésien par l’utilisation d’un modèle a priori de la solution reconstruite. Les modèles de régularisation homogènes ne permettent pas d’obtenir des résultats parfaitement satisfaisants, car les images satellitaires ont des propriétés qui varient spatialement. Nous proposons d’utiliser un modèle inhomogène, et nous étudions différentes méthodes permettant d’estimer les paramètres adaptatifs. L’estimateur que nous avons retenu est le maximum de vraisemblance (MV). Nous montrons que cet estimateur, lorsqu’il est calculé à partir de l’image dégradée, est inutilisable pour la déconvolution d’images, car il n’est pas robuste au bruit. Nous montrons ensuite que l’estimation n’est correcte que si elle est effectuée sur l’image originale. Comme cette image est inconnue, nous devons en calculer une approximation, dont la qualité doit être suffisante pour que les résultats de l’estimation soient utiles pour la restauration. Nous détaillons finalement une méthode hybride, permettant d’estimer les paramètres adaptatifs à partir d’une image déconvoluée par un algorithme utilisant des ondelettes, afin de reconstruire l’image. Les résultats obtenus présentent à la fois des bords francs, des textures nettes, et un très bon rapport signal/bruit dans les zones homogènes, dans la mesure où la technique proposée s’adapte localement aux caractéristiques des données. Une comparaison avec des algorithmes concurrents linéaires et non linéaires est aussi effectuée, pour illustrer son efficacité. Mots-clés : Déconvolution, Régularisation, Hyperparamètres, Modèles inhomogènes, Champs de Markov, Estimation locale, Maximum de vraisemblance, Images satellitaires Remerciements : Les auteurs souhaitent remercier le CNES pour l’image de Nîmes (simulation SPOT 5), et Simon Wilson de Trinity College Dublin (Irlande), pour ses remarques pertinentes. Adaptive parameter estimation for satellite image deconvolution 3
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تاریخ انتشار 2000